Critical Art Ensemble – what's next?

Institutional Critique Revisited

admin — Mon, 05 Jan 2015 13:16:15 +0000

The American artist John Baldessari has said that the most important goal of art education is to demystify artists. “It is important for art students to learn that art is made by human beings, just like them,” he said.
We believe the same is true of art institutions. They too are created and run by human beings and can therefore be criticized, rethought and imagined differently. Too often, however, everyday practices and power relations make us stick to old habits and prevent us from seeing the possibilities.
The teaching material Never Underestimate the Institution (2014) is intended for curatorial and artistic study programmes but available for anyone interested in the topic. Since the 1960s, artists have taken on institutions in order to reimagine the material frameworks in which art has been presented. “Institutional critique” has been art historically institutionalized as a genre of artistic practices and become part of the canon. The idea behind the publication is to return to the practices of the canonized figures of institutional critique by reviving their critical perspectives.
The purpose of the material, commissioned by the MA programme in Curating, Managing and Mediating Art at Aalto University, Helsinki, is to stir up the established notions of institutions by revisiting some artistic practices of past decades that take on institutional structures in one way or another. The artists and artist groups selected represent strategies that are closely -associated with the genre of institutional critique. By presenting examples from recent history, we want to urge reflection on how the institutions have actually changed during the last decades and on what they might look like in the future.
Institutional critique’s development can be asso-ciated with poststructuralist and critical theory and with their impact on visual practices. Subsequently, it was also linked to social developments, especially the civil rights and feminist movements early on, and postcolonial and queer politics later, as well as theore-tical critiques of the opposition of high and low culture, or Modernist and mass art. The institutional frameworks related to practices of displaying art have been called into question since Marcel Duchamp’s ready-mades in the 1910s, when the entire institutional -context in which the work of art occurs came into focus. Since the 1960s movements such as Fluxus and the Situationist International also contributed to the questioning of the institutional framework of art. Many artists later identified as occupying the genre “institutional critique”, such as Hans Haacke, Daniel Buren, Michael Asher and Marcel Broodthaers started off in the late 1960s, followed by a “second wave” of -artists such as Andrea Fraser and Fred Wilson in the 1980s.
In addition to the artists mentioned above, the material presents Mike Kelley, Mark Dion, Martha Rosler, Jimmie Durham, Mierle Laderman Ukeles, and the collectives Guerrilla Girls, Group Material and Critical Art Ensemble. Over the decades, institutional critique has come to be used as a label for specific artistic practices, and seems in 2014 to belong in the past. The publication Never Underestimate the Institution asks: What could we learn from these artists today – and what could institutional critique be but like complaining when everyone throws you a party?¹Simon Sheikh has suggested that institutional critique should be seen as an analytical tool, a method of spatial and political criticism and articulation that can be applied not only to the art world, but also to disciplinary spaces and institutions in general. Similarly, we hope to inspire discussion with a wide perspective and to revitalize questions that have lost none of their relevance. Below is a selection of assignments from the material to inspire critical thought and action.

Instructions for a Museum
Find the mission statement of a museum. Create instructions for the museum by cutting words or phrases from the mission statement and gluing them onto paper.
(Wir Spielen²)
What are the underlying basic assumptions of the text? The starting point for this exercise is the vocabulary of the museum. Can you subvert, alienate or highlight meanings in it by simply rearranging words?
Optional exercise: Send the final result to the museum director.

Get a copy of the floor plan of a museum that you are visiting. Map your own way through the exhibition and mark any pauses. Also write down any thoughts, wishes and dreams.
Research into museum architecture by watching visitors can reveal many things. Are visitors free to move as they want, or disciplined into a predetermined choreography?

Monument
Commission a monument for someone or something you want to commemorate.

Curriculum
Propose an alternative curriculum for a school subject of your choice.
What is the purpose of Physical Education? Could Geography become more critical and be taught imaginatively? Is the Music curriculum multicultural enough? Can history education be made less nationally focussed?

Collectives
Form different new collectives and name them according to their goals.
A name can be everything from a power statement to a parody. Try the style of established institutions for a small, informal collective and vice versa.
Optional exercise: Use image-editing software and existing photographs to create a mock institution.

Wiederabdruck
Teile dieses Manuskripts wurden bereits früher veröffentlicht in: Helena Björk, Laura Kokkonen, „Never Underestimate the Institution“, CuMMA Papers #11, November 2014, https://cummastudies.wordpress.com/cumma-papers/.

1.) Trisha Donnelly, www.frieze.com/issue/article/keywords.
2.) The workgroup WIR SPIELEN (WE PLAY) is a critical/analytical reading and action group with a focus on contemporary strategies of sharing and the cultural production of art and action. http://wirspielen.net.

A Glimpse of Art’s Future at Documenta

admin — Thu, 12 Sep 2013 12:42:45 +0000

Three quarters of the art at Documenta 13, the gigantic 200-exhibitor show that just opened in the small German city of Kassel, is innocuous or worse. Derivative installations, found objects, text pieces, videos, sculptural fragments, empty rooms, performances, and sound works – it’s the kind of late-late conceptual/relational aesthetics hegemony endemic to these massive events. I won’t run down the list, but one immoral work (if such a thing can be said to exist) will suffice to give you the sense of it: In A Public Misery Message: A Temporary Monument to Global Economic Inequality, created by a group called the Critical Art Ensemble, viewers ride in a helicopter to heights corresponding to their net worth. The work is supposedly about wealth accumulation, and is an anti-market gesture. Surely it cost more to stage for a day than many museums and galleries can spend or generate in a year, or than most artists earn in a lifetime.
But let’s forget the bad 75 percent and look at the rest of what’s here, because, once you get beyond the claptrap, Documenta 13 comes tantalizingly close to realizing one of its enticing goals: rethinking how we define art altogether, opening it up exponentially. Indeed, here and there, in glimpses, we get what I call Post Art. And it hums with promise.
Documenta’s American-born artistic director, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, doesn’t even use the word “artist,“ preferring “participant“ instead. She says, “I am not sure that the field of art will continue to exist in the 21st century“ – not meaning art itself, mind you, but our tidy roping-off of the field. To Joseph Beuys’s famous dictum “Everyone is an artist,“ Christov-Bakargiev adds, “So is any thing.“ The best parts of Documenta 13 bring us into close contact with this illusive entity of Post Art – things that aren’t artworks so much as they are about the drive to make things that, like art, embed imagination in material and grasp that creativity is a cosmic force. It’s an idea I love. (As I’ve written before, everything that’s made, if you look at it in certain ways, already is or can be art.) Things that couldn’t be fitted into old categories embody powerfully creative forms, capable of carrying meaning and making change. Post Art doesn’t see art as medicine, relief, or religion; Post Art doesn’t even see art as separate from living. A chemist or a general may be making Post Art every day at the office. One of the exhibitors at Documenta is the civil engineer Konrad Zuse, creator in the thirties of an early electromagnetic computer. His abstract paintings look like Feininger knockoffs, but they’re as much of an invention as Zuse’s “mechanical brain“ was.
In some cases, Post Art takes the form of artifacts that achieve a greater density and intensity of meaning than that word usually implies. At Documenta, there’s a chunk of a London building bombed in the Blitz that the British, in retaliation, dropped on Germany: It’s laced not only with history but also with revenge, pain, fury, incredulity, paradox. An insane-looking one-man-band instrument made by painter Llyn Foulkes is a Disneyish contraption that hits you with the sheer need for something to exist that otherwise doesn’t. I was shaken to the core by the formal and emotional pathos in Jérôme Bel’s “dance” involving people with Down syndrome who simply stood onstage, danced for two minutes, then spoke about their perceptions of us watching them. A fourth wall shattered here into a fifth dimension. Tino Sehgal outdoes himself in a darkened ballroom with chanting, singing, dancing, noisemaking performers, who let you lose the contours of your body and lead you into ecstatic dancing (internal or literal; it’s up to you). And Song Dong’s mini-mountain in the park is just a grassy knoll of garbage, garnished with neon Chinese characters. Yet it made the landscape speak to me, essentially spelling out my own personal motto (a loose paraphrase of Satchel Paige’s): “You win some. You lose some. Some get rained out. But you got to suit up for every one.”
If anything here will put you in a mind to give up on definitions, though, it’s Pierre Huyghe’s craterlike ruins patrolled by two dogs at the far end of the park. The lone object in the piece is a large classical recumbent nude, cast in concrete, with a huge functioning beehive on her face. This is a place of no-narrative, an incubation chamber of new orders. It is an almost metaphysical embodiment suggesting that even with its tremendous flaws, Documenta allows us all to feel a stake in this thing called art, and sense that Post Art is on the immediate horizon, approaching fast.

Wiederabdruck
Dieser Text erschien zuerst in New York Magazine / vulture.com 16.6.2012,
http://www.vulture.com/2012/06/documenta-13-review.html [30.7.2013].